Basics of Capture and Culture Fisheries introduces core concepts, practices, and global importance of fisheries emphasizing sustainability amid contemporary challenges. This accessible resource balances capture fisheries—harvesting from inland and marine ecosystems—with culture fisheries (aquaculture), explaining ecological, economic, and social roles globally. Coverage addresses traditional and modern fishing methods, gear types, seasonal cycles, and conservation principles relevant to policy debates on marine conservation, coastal economies, and indigenous rights. The aquaculture section outlines fish farming systems, hatchery operations, feed formulation, water quality management, and disease control highlighting innovations including recirculating aquaculture systems, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, and genetically improved stocks. The book addresses economics, marketing, value chain development, and international governance spanning trade regulations to certifications like Marine Stewardship Council and Aquaculture Stewardship Council. Real-world applications illustrate implementation across diverse geographical and socioeconomic contexts. Coverage emphasizes food security contributions, livelihood support, and environmental sustainability considerations. Readers develop understanding of fisheries fundamentals, production systems, and management principles. This volume serves students, practitioners, policymakers, and community stakeholders seeking accessible introduction to fisheries science linking global policy with local practice for resilient aquatic food systems worldwide.