This book discusses conditionality in social policy from normative, ethical, and philosophical perspectives. It brings together researchers from a variety of disciplines and parts of the world, opening new perspectives for the reader. Conditional social benefits are widespread and controversial: for supporters, they express that the state can expect something in return for its services and that self-responsibility is thereby strengthened. For critics, conditionality is synonymous with control and subjugation. This book discusses and investigates both views on conditionality, allowing the reader to get more in-depth knowledge of this topical and important aspect of social policy and political philosophy.